Earthworms are important for the health of soils. They aerate the soil and recycle organic material. These organisms have, however, greatly declined in many UK locations. Climate change has resulted in more UK areas being converted into vineyards for wine making. This activity is normally detrimental to earthworm populations, as soil is compacted by machinery as well as being sprayed with chemicals. Vegetation is also cleared between the rows of grapevines (https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/aug/29/vineyards-winemakers-urged-help-save-earthworms).It's been suggested that vineyards can easily be remodelled to make them earthworm havens. This could benefit wine production as well as invertebrate populations.
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