Thursday 30 December 2021

Nits Knitting Human History?

It sounds a bit like the fictional starting premise of Jurassic Park. In that book/film, dinosaur DNA was extracted from the blood meal of mosquitos preserved in amber for millenia. A study in the Journal of Molecular Biology and Evolution appears to have done something comparable with nit glue (https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/dec/28/how-nit-glue-could-help-answer-head-scratchers-about-our-ancestors). Nits are the eggs of human head lice. The eggs are fixed to the hairs of their hosts, using a powerful cement. The joint British, Danish and Argentinian study, successfully extracted human DNA from nit glue on the hairs of 8 South American mummies. The mummies were between 1,500 and 2,000 years old. Nit glue generated the same proportion of DNA that could be extracted from a tooth sample. That DNA was also, better preserved. Taking hair samples from mummies, also proved more acceptable to ethnic groups, than removing bone. The DNA broadly confirmed suspicions about human migration in the area. Mummification is, of course, comparatively rare but the technique may have a useful role in Archaelogy.

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