Wednesday, 9 August 2023

Something in the Air Tonight?

It's been known for decades, that air pollutions causes respiratory disease and death in humans and other animals. Since the Clean Air Acts of 1956 and 1968 effectively outlawed the widespread burning of coal in homes and power stations, vehicle emissions have become the major source of air pollution in UK cities. The exhausts of petrol- and diesel-fuelled vehicles spew out oxides of carbon and nitrogen, volatiles as well as particulates (tiny soot-like particles). That's the reason why many cities have tried/are trying to reduce vehicle emissions bein concentrated in locations where people live, work and study. There's now strong evidence of a global link between air pollution to the continued rise of antibiotic resistant bacteria (https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/aug/07/air-pollution-linked-rise-antibiotic-resistance-imperils-human-health). There's a limited range of effective antibiotics. Antibiotics are, of course, the major medical treatment for bacterial infections. Bacteria can and do, however, develop resistance to certain antibiotics. This threatens to 'return us to a pre-antibiotics era'. The analysis used data collected from more than 100 countries over 20 years. The link between increased air pollution and antibiotic resistance seems evident across every country and continent. The link was still evident, when factors like, over-prescribing antibiotics (a driver of bacterial antibiotic resistance) and local expenditure on health were considered. It's uncertain how this link operates but bacteria can 'hitch rides' on particulates. This new evidence is yet another good reason for improving city air quality. And still you object to extending London's Ultra-Low Emissions Zone or activating one in Greater Manchester?

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Birder's Bonus 241

Noted a Curlew ( Numenius arquata ) on the Loughor estuary at Bynea.